This indicator counts number of characters of the eligibility criteria MINUS average number of characters of the given market's eligibility criteria. It indicates risk if eligibility criteria less visible deters bidders [ie. this indicator implies correlation between "overspecification" and tailored tenders - e.g. according to the statistics criteria length above market average by 520-2639 characters 16 increases probability of a single received bid by 10.4%-11.9% and the winner’s share within issuer’s contracts by 1.3% compared to the shortest criteria-length group]
Every non-open procedure type carries a higher corruption risk than open procedures in terms of single received and valid bids and winner’s contract share. Therefore developers set the indicator's value 0 , if there is ano open procedure, 1, if there is an invitation procedure, 2, if there is a negotiation procedure, and 3, if there are other procedures (e.g. competitive dialogue). Indicator's value is 4, if procedure type is missing/erroneous.
Relatively expensive tender documentation makes bidding more expensive and hence deters bidders from bidding except for the wellconnected company which is close to certain of its succes. This is a ratio-indicator calculated between the price of tender documentation/contract value.
This numeric redflag-component is part of an index (CRI) that indicates risk risk of grand corruption. Developers rely on the scheme that in order to award the contract to a "specific" bidder, the procuring entity may alter circumstances (specifications) to have a single bidder during the bidding process. Therefore the value is set to 1, if 1 bid received, and 0 if more than 1 bid received during the bidding. Input indicators of the model, correlate with this output.
Single received bid contracts make it easier for issuers to repeatedly award contracts to the same well-connected company. The indicator's value is set 0 if more than one bid received and 1, if one bid received
This indicator measures the proportion of non-price related evaluation criteria within all criteria, since non-price related evaluation criteria tend to be more subjective, allowing issuers to favour the well-connected company. Apparently unfair assessment criteria also deters bidders.
This numeric redflag-component is part of an index (CRI) that indicates risk of grand corruption. This redflag is a ratio between 12-month total contract value of winner / 12-month total awarded contract value (by issuer); which is an outcome indicator measuring the public procurement corruption process as a whole. Winner’s share of issuer’s contracts indicates the likelihood of large-scale institutionalized corruption. Input indicators of the model, correlate with this output.