This redflag indicates risk if there are changes in technical specifications AND/OR substantial changes in the terms of reference [TOR] AND/OR Changes to the original design and bill of quantities [BOQ] AND/OR reductions in the quantity of items to be delivered without a commensurate reduction in disbursements AND/OR substitution of materials and equipment
This redflag indicates risk if there is a close similarity between the specifications and the winning bidder’s product or services AND/OR specifications stipulate a brand name without stating “or equivalent” AND/OR there are complaints from other bidders that the specifications match too closely those of a single competitor, or that a bidder prepared the contract specifications
This redflag indicates risk if the list of contracts for goods, works, and services is not consistent with the project requirements OR specific line items in the bill of quantities are not required to carry out the work and may be used for personal purposes by officials or later serve as bribes.
This redflag indicates risk if there is unreasonable pre- and post-qualification criteria (e.g., abnormally high annual turnover, liquidity reserves, or years of experience in the country)
This redflag indicates risk if there is a suspicious bid pattern that consists of unreasonably high bid prices submitted by losing bidders for which there is no legitimate explanation and which cannot be attributed to an error. The World Bank does not indicate accurate ratio for suspiciously high amount.
This redflag indicates risk if bid prices of all bidding companies are very close for items where some variation is expected (e.g., civil works, customized goods, and consulting services) AND/OR submitted bids include unit prices which are almost identical AND/OR the bid prices are a fixed percentage apart (e.g., 3 percent, 4 percent, 5 percent and 6 percent above that of the lowest bidder) AND/OR sequential bid securities, indicating that the same person picked up the securities at the same bank, same branch, and on the same day AND/OR bids have commn formal attributes
This redflag indicates risk if there are two or more contracts issued for identical items over a short period of time for no apparent reason, which results in the application of a less competitive procurement method. It also indicates risk if the purchase of items that should have been procured jointly, but are procured by each sub-unit (eg one vehicle for on department).